Science - Lesson #5: Allergies

EOU Exam on Thursday, May 1st

Lesson #5:

Allergies: Our Over Reacting Immune system

Learning Intention:

Students will be able to describe how the immune system over reacts to the antigen on a usually harmless substances which causes allergic reactions.

Success Criteria:

Explain the role of antibodies and Mast Cells in allergic reactions
Describe how the immune system over reacts when exposed to a harmless allergen.
Apply my knowledge of allergic reactions to new situations

Standards:

HS-LS1-2: Develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide specific functions within multicellular organisms.

Reminders:

Immune System End of Unit Exam on Thursday, February 13th.
Practice Regents #2 due on Wednesday, February 12th.

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Part #1

Warm-Up

Spot the Difference!

(10 min)

Directions:

Read the question below.Then read student A and student B's responses. Evaluate their responses by answering the questions below:

1) Which student response is wrong?

2) Explain why it is wrong.

3) What specifically could the student have done to improve their response? (Be VERRRYYY Detailed)

Base your answers to the following questions on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.

The hedgehog, a small mammal native to Africa and Europe, has been introduced to the United States as an exotic pet species. Scientists have found that hedgehogs can transfer pathogens to humans and domestic animals. Foot-and-mouth viruses, Salmonella, and certain fungi are known pathogens carried by hedgehogs. As more and more of these exotic animals are brought into this country, the risk of infection increases in the human population.

Explain in detail how the human immune system might respond to an invading pathogen associated with handling a hedgehog.

Student A

If the invading pathogen is able to get through the skin, hair and mucus (first line of defense), then the macrophages that patrol the blood will attempt to engulf them. But, if the macrophages do not recognize the antigen on the pathogen, then the pathogen will be able to reproduce and the person will get sick. Eventually, the white blood cells will remember the shape of the antigen and make antibodies that fit with it, like a lock and key. The pathogen will then be marked for destruction.

Student B

If the pathogen gets into the person's body then their immune system will try to fight it. Their immune system will fight it with antibiotics that will kill the sickness in the person. If the person gets sick in the future, the antibiotics will remember how they were really ill and try to stop the pathogen with antibiotics that connect the correct way. If they can't connect then there is a problem and the person might die. Therefore, I infer you shouldn't have guinea pigs.

Part 2:

Active Reading

(8 min)

Directions:

1 Connection between the text and your life

1 Question of the text

1 Main Idea summarized in your own words

Lesson #5: Allergies

Part 4:

TN'T x 3

(10 min - Right Side)

Número Uno

Turn and discuss what allergies are and the symptoms you experience:

**If you do not have allergies, discuss allergic reaction symptoms you have seen in others, movies, tv etc. **

Número Dos

Turn and discuss what allergies are and the symptoms you experience using the Tier 2 (general) and Tier 3 (Biology specific) Vocabulary to the right: ➡️

Tier 2

Sneeze

Cough

Inflammation

Bind

Mistake

Mis-Identify

Tier 3

Allergen

Antigen

Antibody

White Blood Cells

Immunosuppressants

Pathogen

Protein

Número Tres

Using the conjunctions "Although", "While" and "If" Turn and discuss what allergies are and the symptoms you experience.

**Remember to use the Tier 2 (general) and Tier 3 (Biology specific) vocabulary in your conjunction sentences.**

Tier 2

Sneeze

Cough

Inflammation

Bind

Mistake

Misidentify

Tier 3

Allergen

Antigen

Antibody

White Blood Cells

Immunosuppressants

Pathogen

Protein

Part 5

Stop n' Jot

(3 min - Left Side)

Key Concepts:

Allergies are caused by the immune system over reacting to a harmless allergen (peanuts, tree nuts, pollen, cat hair, etc).

The immune system makes antibodies that bind to the antigens on the allergen.

Then, white blood cells called Mast Cells, release histamines (type of chemical) which causes allergic reaction symptoms: runny nose, swelling, itchy eyes/skin etc.

Allergen: Antigens that trigger allergies.

Histamine: Chemical that causes allergy symptoms like itching, swelling, sneezing or even trouble breathing.

Mast Cells: White blood cells that store histamines and have antibodies on the surface. They cause the allergic reaction.

Part 6:

Exit Ticket

(10 min)

Ballet

Jazz

Hip-Hop

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